RS485 (Serial Communication)
RS485 is an industrial serial communication standard that enables reliable data transmission between sensors, controllers, and gateways over long distances.
What is RS485 (Serial Communication)?
RS485 (also written RS-485 or EIA-485) is an electrical standard for serial communication that supports multi-point connections over distances up to 1,200 metres. It uses differential signalling for noise immunity, making it ideal for electrically noisy industrial environments.
RS485 is the physical layer underlying MODBUS RTU — the most common industrial communication protocol. A single RS485 bus can connect up to 32 devices (or 256 with repeaters), allowing one gateway to aggregate data from many sensors.
Why It Matters
RS485's noise immunity and long-range capability make it the go-to wired interface for industrial sensor networks. It is found in virtually every cold room controller, building management system, and industrial PLC — making it essential for connecting legacy equipment to modern IoT cloud platforms.
Frequently Asked Questions
How far can RS485 transmit data?
RS485 supports cable runs up to 1,200 metres (4,000 feet) at 100 kbps. Shorter cable lengths support higher data rates. This makes it suitable for connecting sensors across large facilities like warehouses and manufacturing plants.
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